Empirical Earth · The Sky — Sun, Moon & Stars
The claim
“You can see the Sun and a fully eclipsed Moon at the same time — impossible on a globe.”
What is measured
During a total lunar eclipse the Sun and Moon are 180° apart, yet horizon refraction lifts each ~0.5–0.6°, more than its own radius, so both can clear opposite horizons for a few minutes. The effect is expected on a refracting sphere, not a refutation of one. More on refraction and the curve.
What would show this is wrong
a selenelion lasting hours, or seen far from sunrise/sunset, which atmospheric refraction could not account for.
Sources
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